Midwifery, Maternal Health and Gynecology

Infertility

Infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after one year of regular, unprotected intercourse. It can affect both men and women and may be due to a variety of factors. Here's an overview of infertility, its causes, and treatment options

Causes of Infertility

Female Infertility

• Ovulation Disorders: Conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or thyroid disorders that affect hormone levels.
• Fallopian Tube Blockage: Blocked or damaged fallopian tubes prevent the egg from meeting the sperm.
• Endometriosis: Tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus, potentially causing pain and blockages.

Male Infertility

Sperm Production Issues: Low sperm count or poor sperm quality.

Sperm Delivery Problems: Blockages or issues with the delivery system of sperm.

Hormonal Imbalances: Problems with hormones that affect sperm production.

Treatment Options

For Women:

Medications: Hormonal treatments to regulate ovulation or address other issues.

Surgery: To correct anatomical problems or remove blockages.

Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART)

For Men:

Medications: To address hormonal imbalances or infections.

Surgery: To repair blockages or varicoceles (enlarged veins in the scrotum).

ART: Similar to treatments for women, including IUI and IVF, sometimes with sperm retrieval techniques.

Infertility can be a challenging journey, and treatment plans are often personalized based on individual needs and circumstances. Consulting with a fertility specialist can help in understanding the best approach for each unique situation.